What Is a Cob House Living IN the Earth

Cob houses are made of clay-like lumps of soil, sand, and straw. Unlike straw bale and adobe construction, cob building does not use dried bricks or blocks. Instead, wall surfaces are built up with lumps of damp cob mixture, compressed, and sculpted into smooth, sinuous forms. Unlike rammed earth or even poured concrete construction, cob walls are generally not built with wooden frames  Ã¢â‚¬â€ instead, special tools are used to scrape a thick wall into the desired shape. A cob home may have sloping walls, arches and lots of wall niches. In Old English, cob was a root word that meant lump or rounded mass. A cob home is one of the most durable types of earth architecture. Because the mud mixture is porous, cob can withstand long periods of rain without weakening. A plaster made of lime and sand may be used to windproof the exterior walls from wind damage. Cob architecture is suitable for the desert and some people claim cob is even good for very cold climates  Ã¢â‚¬â€ walls tend to be very thick, even two feet especially at the base, above the foundation. Small cob structures, like tiny homes and garden sheds, are very inexpensive Do-It-Yourself (DIY) projects. Its also the architecture of choice for survivalists and preppers. How Do You Make Cob? Anyone with even a little experience in the kitchen knows that many of the finest foods are put together with simple recipes. Homemade pasta is simply flour and water, with an egg added if you want egg noodles. Shortbread, that rich, crumbly cookie confection, is a simple combination of flour, butter, and sugar. Ingredient amounts vary with each recipe — the how much is like a secret sauce. The mixing process is the same — make a well (an indentation) in the dry ingredients, add the wet stuff, and work it together until it feels right. Making cob is the same process. Mix water into clay and sand, and then add straw until it feels right. And thats where the expertise comes in. When does it feel right? The easy way to make cob is with a portable cement mixer, which does all the labor-intensive mixing of the clay, sand, water, and straw. But a sturdy mixer can cost hundreds of dollars, so natural builders like Alexander Sumerall at This Cob House use what is called the tarp method. The process of mixing is like making pasta, but on a larger scale. The ingredients (clay and sand) are placed on the tarp, which is used to help mix the ingredients. Folding the tarp moves the cob ingredients, and the movement mixes it. Add water, and the fun begins. Sumeralls logo, a footprint with the outline of a house in the arch, makes a lot of sense when you watch his video on How to Make Cob — use your bare feet to mix in the water and eventually the straw. Put most of your energy into the heel of your foot to flatten the mixture like a pancake. Then use the tarp to roll the mixture into a form. Repeat the process until it feels right. Clay is an abundant natural resource in many parts of the world. It is inexpensive and has been used to build mud huts since architecture began. Clay will have different moisture contents, which is why different amounts of sand are used to create cob. The straw acts as a fibrous binder. To build a cob wall, balls of the mixture are thrown together and sculpted atop a pre-made base — a foundation that is usually made of stone and rises above grade by a foot. How strong is a cob house? When you examine the geology of bricks, you discover that clay is the main ingredient of the common building brick. Just like cob. The Cob and Thatch Homes of England The Dorset birthplace of British author Thomas Hardy is a fine example of the English cob and thatch type home. The thatch, of course, is the bundled reeds and rushes that are sculpted to conform to and protect the roof. On the Hardy cottage, the thatch is cut above the second story windows, just as the cob walls themselves would have been cut and shaped. Cob and thatch homes are most commonly seen in the West Country of rural South West England. Owned and run by the British National Trust, what is now called Hardys Cottage was built in 1800 by Hardys great-grandfather. Thomas Hardy was born there in 1840. The future literary icon was trained as an architect and didnt turn to writing full-time until he became an established novelist in his 30s; his poetry wasnt published until he was nearly 60. The writings of Thomas Hardy are heavily influenced by place, and a childhood raised in a cob and thatch home is not soon forgotten. Touring in this part of England will take any visitor back in time. Cob is Trending Building a small cob structure is a cost-effective adventure — especially if you live in an area with the proper natural resources. Plenty of books have been written (and continue to be written) to get you on your way: Building with Cob: A Step-by-Step Guide by Adam Weismann and Katy Bryce; The Hand-Sculpted House: A Practical and Philosophical Guide to Building a Cob Cottage by Ianto Evans, Linda Smiley, and Michael G. Smith; and The Cob Builders Handbook: You Can Hand-Sculpt Your Own Home by Becky Bee are just a few of the many DIY guides. Workshops in the United States and abroad will give a participant hands-on training before you take the personal plunge. Aprovecho in Oregon is a non-profit organization offering hands-on, experiential education programs for youth and adults. Their aim is to inspire a sustainable culture. So, cob is not as corny as it sounds. FAST FACTS — Definitions of Cob Cob is a structural composite of earth, water, straw, clay, and sand, hand-sculpted into buildings while still pliable. There are no forms as in rammed earth, no bricks as in adobe, no additives or chemicals, and no need for machinery. — Ianto Evans, The Hand-Sculpted House, 2002, p. xvcob A mixture of straw, gravel, and unburnt clay; used esp. for walls. — Dictionary of Architecture and Construction, Cyril M. Harris, ed., McGraw- Hill, 1975, p. 111cob wall A wall formed of unburnt clay mixed with chopped straw, gravel, and occasionally with layers of long straw, in which the straw acts as a bond. — Dictionary of Architecture and Construction, Cyril M. Harris, ed., McGraw- Hill, 1975, p. 111

Cuban Missle Crisis and the Realist Perspective Essay

The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 brought the world closer than it had ever been to nuclear war. This makes the crisis one of the most essential events in international affairs history, demonstrating a great example of the realist perspectives and other important aspects of international relations. Primarily, the origins of the Cuban Missile Crisis can be readily attributed to the realist perspective. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy launched the Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba, which was a thwarted attempt by a CIA-trained force of Cuban exiles to invade southern Cuba, with assistance from United States armed forces, to oust the corrupt government of Fidel Castro. This failed operation had sent the US back into a defensive position.†¦show more content†¦This ambiguity led to the United States’ surveillance efforts of sending U-2 unmanned aerial vehicles over Cuba in order to investigate the construction of the missiles, which, with time, led to the mobilization of the military to the level of DEFCON 2. Kennedy expressed his discomfort in his November 6 letter to Khrushchev stating, â€Å"Not only did this action threaten the safety of this hemisphere, but it was, in a broader sense, a dangerous attempt to change the world-wide status quo. Secret action of this kind seems to me both hazardous and unjustified†¦ Your government repeatedly gave us assurance of what it was not doing; these assurances were announced as coming from the highest levels, and they proved inaccurate (Kennedy, 3).† The realist perspective not only played a role militarily, as previously shown, but also diplomatically. In Kennedy’s meeting with the Executive Committee of the National Security Council they discussed what measures to take after having confirmed surveillance photos of missile sites being constructed in Cuba. As a result, the Joint Chiefs of Staff decided a full-scale invasion would be the only remedy. This opinion was promptly rebutted by Kennedy saying, â€Å"They, no more than we, can let these things go by without doing something. They cant, after all their statements, permit us to take out their missiles, kill a lot of Russians, and then do nothing. If they dont take action

Essay The Self-Actualized Media Mind - 4558 Words

The Self-Actualized Media Mind A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write,if he is to be at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be.This is the need we may call self-actualization ... It refers to mansdesire for fulfillment, namely the tendency for him to become actually what he is potentially: to become everything that oneis capable of becoming ... -Abraham Maslow Abraham Maslow, the famous humanist psychologist, believed in the theory of self-actualization. He was convinced that humans are capable of achieving high levels of intellectual and emotional existence, and he believed in human potential. In his definition and discussions of self-actualization, Maslow made it clear what†¦show more content†¦And if a person’s environment plays a role in the self-actualization process, what types of environments are most nurturing, and which are most debilitating? Recently the mass media has come into the spotlight concerning its effects upon individuals and their behavior. Some of the more prominent instances are related to violent acts and atrocities committed by youth, such as the Columbine High School incident and the Topeka child snipers. In both of these situations, the mass media, specifically television, movies, video games, the internet, and rock music were suggested to have significantly affected the youth and were considered to be direct and primary causes of the youth’s destructive behavior. Violence is not the only area where media influence is implicated. Media’s influence on self-image and self-esteem has also found itself in the spotlight. Research has consistently shown that there are direct correlations between young people’s media use and exposure, and their levels of negative self-image and self-esteem. Research has been done which shows strong evidence for the rise of anorexia, bulimia, and obesity as related to an individual’s media exposure. Other behaviors or psychological states that have been shown to be affected by media use are familial relationships, happiness, and openness to sex and sexuality. Most studies that have been done so far have looked at mass media’s influence on select behaviors and mindsets such as violence andShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Opinion Essay1349 Words   |  6 Pages† and someone responded, â€Å"so you’re whelmed?† This simple and somewhat odd question caused me to think about things differently. I decided that the idea of â€Å"whelmed† can be defined as being completely content with the current state of your life and self, be it physically, mentally, emotionally, spiritually, and financially. The idea of being â€Å"whelmed† caused me to wonder why it isn’t okay, to just be okay. 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Buko free essay sample

About the product Buko juice is a popular refreshing drink from the Philippines. Buko is a Filipino word which means young coconut in English. Buko juice is also known as Coconut Milk Drink. Buko Juice is not only satisfactory in matters of taste, but it is likewise cheapest among all beverages. The product does not only sayisfy the thirst of the customers, but it also nourishes and provides benefits to their body. In fact, buko juice may be better at replacing lost fluids than a sports drink or water. A study which was recently published in Medicine amp; Science in Sports amp; Exercise concluded that buko juice replenishes body fluids better than water. Another study showed that coconut water caused less nausea, fullness, and stomach upset and was easier to consume in large amounts than commercial sports drinks. Coconut juice is incredibly healthy and one of the best drinks to hydrate the body. We will write a custom essay sample on Buko or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Best in summer because of its refreshing taste. A. Ingredients Buko Juice from 2 young coconuts, approximately 1 liter 1 cup water A? cup sugar young coconut meat,  malauhog, (tender, literal translation, mucous-like) B. Procedures You can choose to drink it directly or stick it in the fridge for an even more refreshing drink. In our case, we cut it with a small amount of water and add a little sugar. We usually fish the flesh out of the pitcher too, and slice it into thin strips so it slithers between your lips with each sip. Divine. Served cold from the fridge, heavenly. Years from now, I know I’ll still be loving buko juice. And if you’ve tried some yourself, I’m sure you’d understand why. To prepare one is by using fresh coconut juice from the coconut fruit. First, remove the outer shell or husk of the coconut fruit by using a sharp butcher knife or machete until the middle layer is exposed. Crack open the top part of the coconut fruit. Pour coconut milk through a strainer into a tall pitcher. Straining will give you a clear coconut milk free from small particles. Take out the coconut flesh or meat using a lemon zester to shred. Add the coconut meat to the pitcher, then stir in water and sugarAdd ice cubes and serve. C. Target market Our main target are the students from Ozamiz City and whose ages between 15-30 years of age people. This group is young and they purchase frequently. How to Store Coconut Water Instructions 1. * 1 Pour the coconut water into an airtight container. As soon as oxygen comes into contact with the coconut water, it will begin the fermentation process. That means that its storage life is very short. * 2 Store the coconut milk in the refrigerator for up to one week. * Sponsored Links * RFP Templates for Schools Free Bid Templates for Schools 100,000 RFP School Templates www. rfpschoolwatch. com * 3 Discard coconut water that is more than seven days old, as it will have begun to ferment and taste sour. * 4 If you do not plan to use the fresh coconut water within a week, pour coconut water into an ice cube tray to prepare it for longer storage. * 5 Place the ice cube tray, or unopened cardboard packages of coconut water, into the freezer until it is frozen. * 6 Transfer the coconut water cubes into the zip-top plastic bag, seal and return to the freezer until ready to use. The coconut water will keep frozen for up to two months, similar to coconut milk. * 7 Keep the cardboard containers in the freezer and put them into a lunchbox in the morning. That will help keep other foods chilled, and by lunchtime, the drink will have thawed.

Reforms in Aged Care Australian Government

Question: Discuss about theReforms in Aged Carefor Australian Government. Answer: Introduction Aged health care is an important concern Australian Government. The workforce involved in the care of aged people play an important role in maintaining the health of many aged people in Australia. The development of skilful and qualified work force is must for the establishing the smooth functioning of the health care industry dedicated for supporting the lives of old age people in Australia. (Myagedcare, 2015). The main aim of this paper is to recognise the issues rising in the care settings of the old age people related to the workforce. The development of the industry lies in maintaining the workforce number through new recruitments and retaining the present work force. To improvise the present condition, it is necessary to have proper management strategies and good training packages to attract people towards joining the workforce. The sustainable management of the industry involves identifying the issues, strategies to improve the condition. Aged People in Australia There are several care facilities given by the care organisations of Australia. These facilities focus on the requirements of every citizen and are dedicated to provide the best care to all. Mainly two types of care facilities are presented by the Australian government to the older citizens: Residential care and community based care for aged people. Generally people opt for the community based care and then move ahead for the residential care settings. (AIHW, 2016). Residential care settings aims at providing the care facilities to the old people who care requirement cannot be fully accomplished in their homes. To meet the care demands and needs of such people, accommodation with all the required facilities are set up and the old age people are accommodated to these settings. The aged care organisations are determined to provide proper, required and easy to access care facilities for the old age people. (DSS, 2014). These organisations are formed to provide care facilities to the cit izens above 65 years of age. They also meet the needs of the disable people along with the old age in both residential and community care settings. The main priority of the organisation is to provide the person centric care to the old age citizens. The funds are provided by the Australian government to allow proper functioning of the care systems. Two Types of Care Facility As mentioned there are two types of care plans offered to the aged people in Australia: the residential care and the community based care. Community based care- People are shifting to community based care from residential care as per the new data by the AIHW (2016). As per the June 2013 reports the number of community based care centres subsidised by the Australian government have risen from 20% to 25% in the last five years which show that people are more inclined towards the care which is based in the homely atmosphere. This is going to increase in the coming years and probably will be 1 out of 3 in the aged care organisations by the year 2025. Around 57,000 people were recorded to prefer community based care where 2 in 3 were women and 2 out of 5 were aged above 85 years of age. There are two types of community based care plans which offer community based care to the aged people in Australia from 2015: The commonwealth home support programme (CHSP) and the Home care packages programmes. (AIHW, 2016) The common wealth home support system has been in action from 1st July 2015. It is formulated to assist the old age peo ple in daily life to be self dependent. The home care packages programmes are designed to provide the care to old age people in complex, well coordinated manner to meet the higher care needs of these people. The community based care programmes comprises of community aged care package (CACP), extended care programmes and extended care home programme dementia working to provide the care as per the needs of the individual. The aged care assessment team analyse the eligibility of the individual to provide the program which are best suited for them. Residential care system- It comprises of two types of care facilities which include permanent residential aged care and respite residential care. (Department of health, 2016). The permanent residential care is mainly for the people who cannot be served in the community level of care services. It is provided in high or low level of care, depending upon the needs of the individual. The care is provided considering the health condition of the individual in every respect. In high care facilities, nursing care is provided for 24 hours every day whereas in low level of care the individual needs accommodation and care. In respite residential care the care is short term with an emergency care facility to those old age people who opt for community based but they require residential care for some time. Work Force in Aged Care in Australia The data recorded from 1996 to 2001 shows that the workforce has shown a growth by 12% and from 2001 to 2006 it has grown by 23%. The standard workforce is determined by the number of worker per capita depending upon the previous history of changes in the demography, technological advancement in the health care, the entry and exit of the workers in comparison to the other countries, the working hours, early retirement and occurrence of diseases. (Scott, 2009). The number of workers in the residential care settings was around 202,344 in 2012. The number of community care in 2012 was recorded to be around 149,801. (King et al, 2013). Crisis in Workforce of Australia With change of time the aged care setting are changing. The present care settings are required to be more flexible, low cost, sustainable, giving opportunity to the investors and providing various career opportunities to the people. The major focus is to develop client based care settings to the people. (Commonwealth of Australia, 2016). The workforce involved in the health of Australian aged people consist worker strength of around 216,300 in the residential care settings. Around 356,500 workers were reported to be working for the care of disable, children and the providing social assistance to the people. (Australia Bureau of Statistics, 2013). Out of these workers around 80% include women mainly working as part time workers. There is shortage of workers willing to work in this sector and lesser number of workers willing to stay in the field. If this continues the number of health care worker would reduce by 100,000 workers by 2025. Owing to the rising number of aged people in the resident care in Australia, the department of health and ageing in Australia reported that more number of health care workforce is needed for the care of old age people. This requires around 2 to 3 time higher number of workers compared to the present number in the year 2050. (Productivity commission, 2011). Also it noted that the condition of the aged care centres is in poor condition. There are problems to retain and recruit workers in this industry. (Department of health and ageing, 2013). The Australian government introduced a workforce compact in the 2012- 13 budgets, to provide benefits to the worker working in this field like increasing their wages. The new formed removed this policy and this proved to be a discouraging move improving the work force condition involved in the health care of aged people in Australia. The new government found the lack of funds in paying the higher wages to the workers. The decision had a mixed impact on the Australian unions groups. (Harrington Jolly, 2016). Effect of the Crisis The work force crisis and the ageing health care industry are creating many hurdles in maintaining the good health of the old age citizens of Australia. The poor management of this crisis could lead to the decline of the industry and will raise the dissatisfaction among the workers. It is estimated that the number of old age citizen having age of 65 and above will rise. The rise would be around 7.2 million from 2.8 million by the year 2047. As the number of old citizens is increasing the various cultural communities, the situation will increase the cultural diversity in Australian population of the overseas born elder groups. (2C risk, 2013). The issues related with aged workforce include the change of place, climate and the culture. The workers migrated from other countries need good support and training. Developing skills for good management and leadership quality in the workers is also required. The workers who work in the rural and remote areas require more support and better rem uneration. The health of the aboriginals is already poor compared to the other population groups in Australia. (AIHW, 2014). This is evident from the fact that most of the aboriginal people die at early ages. They mostly do not reach the old age. The life expectancy of aboriginal male and female is 56.9 and 61.7 respectively. Around 12% of the Australian population belong to the age group of 65 years and above. In this the indigenous people account for only 3%. (McIntosh Phillips, 2003). The common problem in the health care facilities is determining the health hazards while working in the residential and community based care. The ability of the workers to deal with the exposure to health affects the will to work in the industry. This gives rise to higher number absentees in the workforce, claims for compensation, health hazards that will reduce the work period of the worker leading to the mature retirement. The number of workers in the residential care services showed that around 54% of the s ettings were 1 or 2 on work cover. (ABS, 2011). The common injuries reported included strains and sprains, the superficial injuries on the body, muscle injury or chronic joint problems and stress or other mental abnormalities. The probable reasons for the injury are heavy weight lifting, pulling and pushing, being hit by an object or vehicle and due to constant movement. Strategies to Overcome the Crisis There is unremitting and efficient growth in the health care industry in the previous years, yet the need of getting qualified and well skilled worker in the industry for the care of old age people is a major issue. (Kelly, 2014). The recruitment and retention of workers to meet the future need also is a major concern. To improve the condition of the industry many new strategies have to be implemented. The growing changes in both community aged care settings and residential care settings require many new reforms to overcome the new challenges. As per the report from OECD, the Australian government is considering lesser number of reforms and strategies to overcome the crisis in comparison to the other countries. (Chomik MacLennan, 2014). To overcome the crisis the strategic approach should be - improve the pay wages which will attract the workers. -create and formulate the work to get more productivity from the workers. -enhance the support and coordination with better training to determine good quality services and remove the complications faced by the workers. - set up a ministry which can develop new plans and develop reforms which can offer new career opportunities in the industry. Development of technologies and better work place policies will improve the condition. - provide a better learning culture in the workers. - have a good management to satisfy the workforce requirement - Development of good training in regards to the varied cultural diversity of Australia. - promoting recruitments from other countries. (National aged care alliance, 2012). The planning in field requires meeting all the mentioned point in order to improve the condition of this industry. The lack of proper planning is evident from the sinking condition. The proper estimation of the required number with the better scenario analysis is required. The strategies should be made by comparing the current situation. Neglecting the problems of the workforce will pose a threat to the development of the industry. Owing to the current need, if the productivity is improved the burden of recruitment could be decreased to some extent. The lack of effective measures to enhance the productivity is a major hindrance in the determination of the output by health workforce. Promotion of researches to acknowledge the major issues faced by the work force in regards to retention or leaving the industry will help in managing the issues and prepare better plans. A study conducted to determine the factors which affect the workers intention to stay in the job or leave showed that n eed of good supervisor support, better work policies and good employment strategies are some of the major concern in the work force intentions to work for the old people health care. The retention was more in the community care settings by the workers. Age, health of the worker was not the major factor in this study to determine the result. This type of research and study will help in sustaining the quality of health care industry. (Radford Shacklock, 2015). Recruitment and Retention of Nurses The prime issues to focus in regard to improve the recruitment and retention in the aged health care involve low number of individuals in the undergraduate nursing programs and the ageing workforce in nursing. To encourage more recruitment and retention it is important to remove the negative perceptions that the youth regarding this job. They need to be informed with the new possibilities in career and positive perceptions about the old age care. To retain more number of nurses in the field it is important to give them job satisfaction. They should get the required support from the management and various opportunities which can boost their moral to work in this sector. A study conducted by Mbemba et al (2013) to evaluate the required intervention in order to retain and recruit nurses in rural areas shows that economic incentives with support from the management. Better technologies in terms of communication and information would help to increase the workforce. For the study they cond ucted a review involving various literature review examination of scientists in this regard from PUBMED, EMBASE and CINAHL. They described the required interventions which can help retention and recruitment. Following the interventions would prove effective and will bring a change. Conclusion The need of workforce in the care of old age people in Australia is increasing every year. The reason for this is the good quality of life and health of the people which is improving the life expectancy. The rising of aged people seek more number of care providers. The lack of the facility will affect the daily life of the people. To meet this demand enhancement of the care work facility is must. This raises the issues which is causing the insufficient supply of work force in the field. To overcome the issues the causes should be well established. After that the proper measures to remove the issues and generate satisfaction in the work force is must. The work conditions and better opportunities will attract the workers to join the industry. Good management will them to retain the job. Workers are the major factor to establish any industry which is related to care. Ignoring their demands and neglecting them can only lead to the ageing of the industry. This will hamper the growth of th e country and will affect the lives of many people in the country. So it is time to acknowledge the work force condition and demands to make effective improvement in maintaining better facilities of aged health care. References 2 C risk. (2013). Healthy workforce challenges for the aged care sector. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from www.2CRisk.com.au. ABS. (2011). ABS, labour force, Australia, detailed, quarterly, November 2011. Cat no. 6291.0.55.003. Australian bureau of statistics. (2013). 6291.0.55.003- Labour force, Australia, detailed, quarterly. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/6291.0.55.003May%202013?OpenDocument Australian Government: department of health. (2016). Residential care. Ageing and aged care. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://agedcare.health.gov.au/programs-services/residential-care Australian institute of health and welfare. (2014). Indigenous health. Australias health 2014. Retrieved on 20 October 2016 from https://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-health/2014/indigenous-health/ Australian institute of health and welfare. (2016). Aged care in Australia. AIHW: authoritative information and statistics to promote better health wellbeing. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.aihw.gov.au/aged-care/residential-and-community-2011-12/aged-care-in-australia/ Australian Institute of health and welfare. (2016). Aged care. AIHW: authorities information and statistics to promote better health and wellbeing. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.aihw.gov.au/aged-care/ Chomik, R., McLennan, M. (2014). Aged care in Australia: part II- industry and practise- CEPAR research brief 2014/02. Kensington, NSW: ARC Centre of excellence in population ageing research. (CEPAR). Commonwealth of Australia. (2016). Ageing and aged care. Australian government: department of health. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://agedcare.health.gov.au/ageing-and-aged-care-aged-care-reform/why-is-aged-care-changing Department of health and ageing. (2013). The aged care workforce, 2012- final report. Australia: department of health and ageing. DSS. (2014). 2013- 2014 report on the operation of the aged care act 1997. Canberra: DSS. Harrington, M Dr. Jolly, R. (2016). The crisis in the caring workforce. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/BriefingBook44p/CaringWorkforce Kelly, J. G. (2014). The aged care workforce in Australia. Aged and community services Australia. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.acs.asn.au/wcm/documents/ACS%20Website/Resources/Publications%20Submissions/ACSA%20Submissions%20Documents/ACSA%20Workforce%20White%20Paper%20-%20July%202014.pdf King, D., Wei, Z., Howe, A. (2013). Work satisfaction and intention to leave among direct care workers in community and residential aged care in Australia. Journal of aging social policy, 25(4). 301- 319. Doi: 10.1080/08959420.2013.816166. Mbemba et al. (2013). Interventions for supporting nurse retention in rural and remote areas: an umbrella reviews. Human resources for Health. Doi: 10.1186/1478-4491-11-44. McIntosh, G Phillips, J. (2003). caring for the elderly- an overview of aged care support and services in Australia. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/Publications_Archive/archive/agedcare My aged care. (2015). Aged care workforce. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.myagedcare.gov.au/about-us/aged-care-workforce National aged care alliance. (2012). Aged care reform series- Workforce. Adelaide: NACA. Productivity commission. (2011). Caring for older Australians. Report no. 53, final inquiry reports. Canberra. Radford, K. Shacklock, K. (2015). Personal care workers in Australian aged care: retention and turnover intentions. Journal of nursing management, 23(5). Doi:10.1111/jonm. 12172. Scott, I. (2009). Health care workforce crisis in Australia: too few or too disabled? Health care reforms, Med J Aust, 190(12). 689- 692.

The Women of Brewster Place1 Essay Example For Students

The Women of Brewster Place1 Essay (Introduction): Throughout her novel, The Women of Brewster Place, Ms. Naylor emphasizes the importance of sister hood by showing how the women are strengthened by their relationships with one another and proving that men are not necessary to their survival or happiness. Thesis: The strengthening of women through other women is illustrated by Matties role as a daughter to Miss Eva, a sister to Etta Mae, and a mother to Lucielia. PARA 2: Miss Eva Turner plays a vital role in Matties life by taking her in during her loneliness and destitution and treating Mattie and Basil as if they are her own family. PARA 3: The sisterhood between Mattie and Etta Mae is illustrated by each womans willingness to help the other through their most trying times. We will write a custom essay on The Women of Brewster Place1 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now PARA 4: Ironically, Mattie is a more effective mother figure to Ciel than she proves to be to her own son. Conclusion: Mattie touched the lives of Ms. Eva, Etta Mae and Lucielia. The role Mattie played in each womans life was critical. Mattie has will always be an African American woman whose words and actions are grounded in reality. Together these women do what one woman could not do aloneremove pain. The Strengthening of Women through Other Women in The Women of Brewster PlaceGloria Naylors book, The Women of Brewster Place, focuses on seven black female residents of the dead-end street, Brewster Place, and the interweaving of their lives. As they cope with living in a racist and sexist society, they encounter further abuse from their own husbands, lovers, and children. One of the main characters, Mattie Michael, brings love and special attention to the lives of many of the women of Brewster place. She is a rich, cocoa woman who defies her overprotective to take man who was pure t emptation. Pregnant and disowned, she makes the instinctive decision to live without a man and invest all her love back into her child (Gottlieb, 1483). However, the spoiled son who results causes her to lose her home, and she is left heart broken and destitute. Left in the lurch by her errant son, Mattie becomes an anchor for many of the other women of Brewster place. During the course of her lifetime, Mattie comes to know three women- Miss Eva Turner, Etta Mae Johnson, and Lucielia Louise Turner- who all impact her life in a distinct way. Throughout her novel, Gloria Naylor emphasizes the importance of sisterhood by showing how the women are strengthened by their relationships with one another and proving that men are not necessary to their survival or happiness. The strengthening of women through other women is illustrated by Matties role as a daughter to Miss Eva, a sister to Etta Mae, and a mother to Lucielia. Miss Eva Turner plays a vital role in Matties life by taking her in during her loneliness and destitution and treating Mattie and Basil as if they are a part of her own family. When Mattie first meets Miss Eva, she and her son are homeless and Mattie is at the end of her rope. Mattie, a single young mother, had been living alone with her son in a boarding home and working a minimum wage job to make ends meet. When she wakes up one night to find Basil, her son, crying and bleeding from a rat bite, Mattie leaves the run down apartment with her son and all her belongings, determined to find somewhere permissible to live. Mattie comes across Miss Eva just as she is deciding to give up her search and take a bus back home to her parents. In her disarray she circles Miss Evas block twice and is startled when Miss Eva calls out asking Where is she heading with that pretty red baby (Naylor, 30). Miss Eva shows concern for Mattie even in the very first moments of their time together. She is ab le to read the confusion and weariness in young Matties face and she immediately offers her assistance. Mattie is somewhat startled by Miss Evas appearance and forwardness. Miss Eva is an old woman with European features, yellow skin with watery blue eyes, but she speaks with a black voice. Her many inquiries about Matties circumstance cause Mattie to ponder the womans intentions and she acts rather awkward towards her. However Miss Eva, underneath her overbearing manner, is kindhearted and generous and she recognizes Matties present need. Miss Eva looks at the way Mattie holds her child and she understands (3). The old woman realizes that Mattie is young, alone, and at that moment, homeless. She reaches out to Mattie and eventually extends to her an invitation to stay in her home for the night. Mattie accepts the invitation and immediately Miss Evas motherly treatment of Mattie and Basil begins. As they are entering the house Miss Eva takes Basil from Mattie and coos and talks to t he baby and Mattie as if she has known them for years (32). The entire night she refers to Mattie as child and handles the Baby as if he were one of her own. She prepares a home cooked meal of pot roast, oven-browned potatoes, and string beans for Mattie and she insists on feeding the baby while Mattie enjoys the meal. Miss Eva offers to let Mattie live in her home for as long as she likes for no charge and she willingly accepts the company of Basil for her granddaughter. Mattie, who has grown to be untrusting because of her past experiences, eventually finds herself opening up to this woman whom she just met. Miss Evas compassion is a sudden relief that comes just in time for Mattie. For the first time in a several months Mattie is not alone and she has someone with whom she can share her life, her thoughts, and her struggles. Miss Eva too is pleased by the newfound companionship and together the women begin to reveal their lives to one another. In the abashed fashion of the old, M iss Eva unfolded her own life to Mattie, and without realizing she was being questioned, Mattie found herself talking about things that she had buried within in her. The young black women and the old yellow woman sat in the kitchen talking for hours, blending their lives so that what lay behind one and ahead of the other became indistinguishable (34)In the short time that the women spend together that night, they form a lasting bond that is superior that of any friendship. In the years that follow, Mattie grows to accept Miss Eva as a mother figure to her and her son. Miss Eva provides them with a home, food, and the loving care that a mother would provide for her children. Miss Eva expresses a great deal of concern for Mattie and her happiness. She questions Mattie about her social life and her love life. She even questions Mattie about the way she raises Basil arguing that Basil is spoiled and that he needs a bed of his own. Miss Eva meddles in Matties life just like a real mother , but she only does it out of love and concern. Although Mattie is often angered by Miss Evas interference in her life, she can never feel anything but love and gratitude for her. At times when Mattie gets frustrated she remembers Miss Evas age and the short but precious time they have left together. Mattie finds it very to imagine facing the loss of another mother (39). Miss Eva is truly a mother to Mattie. She shows her so much love and acceptance and gives her so much at a time when she has nothing. When Miss Eva passes, Mattie remains in the house with Basil. She knows Miss Eva wants her spirit to remain in the house through the memory of someone who was capable of loving it as mush as she had (40). Through her kindness and love, Miss Eva gave Mattie a chance to survive and live a fulfilling life in the company of those she cared most about. The sisterhood between Mattie and Etta Mae is illustrated by each womans willingness to help the other through their most trying times. Ett a Mae is the only person Mattie confides in after her pregnancy. After she leaves her home, her mother, and her father, Etta Mae is the only person Mattie can turn to. When Mattie arrives in North Carolina for the first time, Etta Mae is waiting to greet her. Knowing that her friend has been through a lot of pain in the past months, she offers her nothing but kind words and gentle humor. Etta Mae helps Mattie take her mind off of some of the pain by joking lightheartedly about her babys appearance and his potential. Etta proves her loyalty to her friend simply by being there for her. She has long become bored with her current location and circumstance and she plans to leave and go to New York, but instead she stays and waits for Mattie to arrive and get settled. Etta Mae lets Mattie know that she was ready to leave months ago, but when Mattie wrote and said she was comin, she stuck around to see her settled with the baby (27). Etta put her friends needs before her own concerns. She recognizes how important her presence is to her friend right now and she sacrifices her own happiness to stay and console Mattie. Etta even invites Mattie to come along with her to New York but Mattie turns down her enthusiastic invitation. Etta Mae stays with Mattie six weeks to help with the baby and make sure Mattie is settled. When she does finally leave, she leaves Mattie eight cases of condensed milk and coupons for fifty pounds of sugar. Etta Mae is not much more well off than Mattie but she still does everything in her power to provide comfort and assistance to her friend. Later in the novel, Etta Mae visits Mattie on Brewster place but this time it is Etta Mae who is in need of a friends encouragement. Etta Johnson has traveled through many major cities in search of the good life and the right man and by the time Etta comes to Brewster place her dreams have been dissipated in her pursuit of good times (Hairston, 1484). Mattie welcomes Etta into her home with open loving arm s. Her searching and traveling have defeated Etta Mae but she finds almost instant relief in the presence of Mattie. When she enters Matties small apartments she breathes deeply from the freedom she finds in Matties presence. There she has no choice but to be herself (Naylor, 58). During the course of their lives, Mattie and Etta have taken totally different roads but they still managed to maintain a deep friendship. Even though Mattie doesnt approve of many aspects of her friends lifestyle, she remains loyal to her. Mattie is never judgmental; she accepts Etta Mae and all of her faults. She gives her a place to stay and they share life stories and humor with each other. When Etta attends church with Mattie, she is not as much interested in soul searching as she is in searching for a man. Etta happiness still remains in men. Thus, she finds herself listening, not to the reverends sermon but to her old instincts telling her to lasso someone who can support her in the style that compl emented the type of woman she has fought all these years to become (Hairston, 1484). Despite admonishment and warning from Mattie, Etta engages herself with the good reverend who proves to be just as much a man of the world as of the cloth. When Etta comes home with her dreams of marrying the respectable preacher sordidly ended, she finds Mattie was waiting up to meet and comfort her (Gottlieb, 1483). Matties love for Etta is unfailing, like that of a real sister. Etta realizes that no man can ever offer her the type of love and loyalty that Mattie has given her. She has loved one man too many and even though she comes to Brewster place defeated, she finds light and love and comfort in the friendship of Mattie (Aull, 1; Naylor, 74)Ironically, Mattie is a more effective mother figure to Ciel than she proves to be to her own son. However, Matties failed relationship with Basil teaches her valuable lessons that help her to be a more effective mother on Brewster place. Matties mistake w ith Basil is that she uses him to fill a void. She loves the fact that he was solely dependent on her and that her bed hasnt been empty since Basil was born (38). Mattie spoils Basil to the point he would always has to have his way. He knows his mother will always be there for him, and because of that, he takes advantage of her. Mattie is determined not to make the same mistakes she made with Basil with Ciel. It is hard for Mattie to watch the turmoil and sadness Lucielia has to encounter in her love life. It is like watching her child suffer. However, Mattie lets Lucielia take control of her own life and learn from the consequences as well. She never tells her what to do, she just listens and gives her support. When Lucielia questions Matties approval of her, Mattie shoots back a loving but uninvolved answer, Its your life, honey (91). .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 , .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 .postImageUrl , .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 , .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947:hover , .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947:visited , .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947:active { border:0!important; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947:active , .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947 .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6c57bf8c03250526c8344b72ef077947:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Tradegy in Greek Literature EssayEver since Lucielia moves to Brewster Place, Mattie shows concern for her in a motherly fashion.. When Ciel is abandoned by her man in a time of suffering, Mattie takes on a more active role as her mother and Lucielia gains from Mattie the determination to survive her time of tribulation. Lucielia loses her only child to a tragic accident. The death of her daughter is devastating to her. Not only does she lose her daughter, but her selfish, incompetent boyfriend and father of her child abandons her as well. Lucielias unfortunate circumstances leave her literally dying of grief and rage. She completely gives up her will to live, and until Ma tties intervention, she is close to death. Mattie is also grief stricken by the death of Lucielias daughter, but it is hurting her more to watch someone who she has accepted as her own daughter put herself through such physical and emotional turmoil. Matties love for Lucielia, whom she calls Ciel, is evident even before the childs death through her constant concern about Lucielias situation with her boyfriend. Her love is now demonstrated by her unfailing attempts to nurse her daughter back to health. Mattie refuses to sit back and watch Ciel kill herself. Mattie cries out a prayer and desperate to protect her young, surges into Lucielias room. While Ciel moans, Mattie rocks her back to life. Mattie rocked her out of that bed, out of that room, into a blue vastness just underneath the sun and above time. She rocked her over Aegean seas so clear they shone like crystal, so clear the fresh blood of sacrificed babies torn from their mothers arms and given to Neptune could be seen like pink froth on the water. She rocked her on and on, past Dachau, where soul-gutted Jewish mothers swept their childrens entrails off laboratory floors. They flew past the spilled brains of Senegalese infants whose mothers had dashed them on the wooden sides of slave ships. And she rocked on (103). She magnificently wrestles Ciel, dying of grief, back to life (Gottlieb p.1484). Matties motherly love and commitment heal and renew Lucielia physically and mentally. Author Felice Aull comments,It is Matties intervention and her ability to place Lucielias grief in a historical context and to know it as one more instance of murdered dreams in a long history of such murders that undergirds her life saving and healing intervention (Aull, 2) Mattie takes on the role of a mother when she nurses Ciel back to health. Mattie treats and nurses Lucielia as if handling a newborn(Naylor, 104). She gives Lucielia the determination to live and she does. For the first time since her daughters death Lucielia cries. However, Mattie is overjoyed because she knows the tears will endand morning will come (Naylor, 105). Mattie touched the lives of Ms. Eva, Etta Mae and Lucielia. They all needed eachother. The role Mattie played in each womans life was critical.All these women vary in age and personal background. However, what they do share is a common oppression and, more importantly, a spiritual strength and sense of female closeness. Mattie was the backbone of these women. All the women found light, love and comfort in the friendship of Mattie. Mattie has will always be an African American woman whose words and actions are grounded in reality. Together these women do what one woman could not do aloneremove pain. Black Writers: A Selection of Sketches from Contemporary Authors, Gale, Second Gottieb, Annie. Women Together. The New York Times Book Review, August 21982 pp. 11, 25. Rpt. in Black Literature Criticism. Ed. Shoaron Malinowski. vol.106. Hairston, Loyle. The Women of Brewster Place Review. The New YorkTimes BookReview, July 10 1983 pp.12, 15,20. Rpt. in Black Literature Criticism. Ed. Shoar on Mailinowski. Vol. 1o6Naylor, Gloria. The Women of Brewster Place. New York: Penguin, 1983. Naylor, Gloria: The Women of Brewster Place: A Novel in Seven Stories 2 Mar. 2000 *http://www.endevor.med.nyu.edu/lit-mes/webdescrips/naylor1155-des-.html*Bibliography:

What Is an English Extended Essay Sample?

What Is an English Extended Essay Sample?An English Extended Essay sample or writing sample is a set of instructions for taking an English course. It is basically a book written by a professional writer that outlines all the elements you need to learn in order to write your own essay. It can be very useful when learning how to write an essay, even if you are just starting out as a student and no one can teach you how to do it. Even if you have already completed an English course, you will find that you will not know everything there is to know about the subject.Writing a good essay is something that is in itself a type of art. It takes a great deal of time, and it requires the writer to have a good foundation of knowledge. After all, it is only possible to understand a concept if you have first experienced it, and this is something that every student must learn if they want to get good grades in their English courses. This is where the idea of an English Extended Essay comes from.The re are several ways to go about learning how to write an essay. You could attend an English class and learn by the assigned readings. You could also go online and read books on the subject, but this is quite impractical for most students. When it comes to studying for this type of writing, it is best to try out a sample essay before actually starting to write one.What are these samples? Well, they are either pre-written essays, or they are essays that have been tested. This is because they already have a test in place to see how well they actually work. If you want to learn how to write an essay, this is the way to go.Many students are afraid to try writing essays because they think that English writing is very different from writing a short story. The truth is that there are many similarities between the two. In fact, many writers who have tried to write their own short stories have found that they could never have written them without the English Extended Essay sample in front of them. However, you can use this method to help you learn how to write a longer essay as well.You should also know that this essay is not simply an exercise. It is not a 'point and click' thing, where you are required to go through a guidebook and follow some specific steps. Instead, you simply sit down at your computer, and you can easily copy the outline of the essay. While doing this, you should have a certain general idea of what you are going to write about, as well as what you are trying to achieve.That is the reason why it is so important that you create an outline of the essay. It will make it much easier for you to keep track of what you want to talk about and how long it is going to take you to write your essay. After all, if you forget a few steps, it will be much harder to re-do the whole thing later on.So go ahead and look for a sample essay on the Internet, and then go through it step by step. This is an excellent way to learn how to write an essay, especially for stude nts who are not yet ready to take on the more difficult challenge of writing an essay. Just remember that the best way to learn how to write an essay is to do so through a written assignment.