What Career Transitions Are You Likely to Face in The Next Ten Years

The individual needs a career transition in the next ten years. The research focuses on the effects of career transitions in the next ten years. The research includes the importance of theory and concepts to manage the changes. The individual is likely to face the fast food transition in the next ten years.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What Career Transitions Are You Likely to Face in The Next Ten Years? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More First, the one has to prepare for a smooth transition to the service industry. The service industry includes the engaging in the fast food business. The fast food business is one of the most profitable businesses. Patrick Montana (2008) emphasised Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs dictate that a person is has three basic needs. Basic needs include necessary needs. Necessary needs means a person cannot go without such needs. According to Maslow, the first group of manâ₠¬â„¢s needs is the physiological needs. Maslow’s hierarch of needs influences a person’s job transition decision. The first group of needs called the physiological needs. The physiological needs include food, breathing, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, and excretion. In addition, the second group of needs is the safety needs. The safety needs include the security of the persons’ body, resources, morality, employments, family, property, and personal health. The third group of human needs is the love and belonging needs. The needs include the friendship, sexual intimacy, and family needs. The fourth group of needs is the esteem needs. The esteem needs include the self –esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of other persons, and respect from others. The last group of human need is the self- actualization need. The self-actualization needs include the morality, creativity, spontaneity, acceptance of data, problem solving, and lack of lack of prejudice need. The transition to the service business caters to the first group of human needs. Setting a fast food store would cater to the people’s need to fill their stomachs. The store cannot sell to a prospective client who has just eaten a full meal.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The fast food chain cannot sell to a prospect client who is allergic to the fast food chain’s food choices. For example, the diabetics must watch for sugar-based products. The hypertensive fast food chain customer must avoid foods that trigger a hypertension attack. The person having a rheumatic disease must avoid foods that trigger one’s rheumatism attacks. There are different types of fast food stores. Stephanie Watson (2008) insists one type of fast food store caters to the hamburger market segment. McDonald’s continues to offer different hamburger types. The hamburger types inc lude the hamburger, cheeseburger, Big Mac and one pounder. The McDonald’s chain of stores also offers breakfast meals to the busy office worker. McDonald’s successfully sets up branches in major cities in the United States. McDonald’s profitably sets up its fast food chain stores in many Asian countries. The McDonald’s fast food chain sets up its branches in the United Kingdom (2008). Second, another type of fast food chain fills the needs of the fried chicken market segment. Some of the community residents refuse to eat hamburgers. Thus, they prefer to eat fried chicken meals. James Watson (J. Watson 2005) stated Kentucky Fried Chicken has been very successful in filling the needs of the fried chicken market segment. In terms of fried chicken, Kentucky Fried Chicken different recipes. The company sells the popular chicken recipes. The company also sells sandwiches, snacks, sweets, and other side dishes. Third, another type of fast food chain caters to th e hotcake market segments. Usually, hotcakes are best serve during the morning. Specifically, the fast food store serves hotcakes during breakfast. The secret to the success of the hotcake fast food business is the food taste. The inclusion of sauces, butter, and other secret ingredients contributes to the high demand for hotcake products. The hotcake prepared using eggs and special flour (2006).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What Career Transitions Are You Likely to Face in The Next Ten Years? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Fourth, another type of fast food chain serves the food needs of the restaurant clients. The restaurant business caters to the above average income market segment. The restaurant’s food prices are higher than the McDonald’s food prices. The restaurant cooks the food after the restaurant tells the restaurant waiter of the customers’ preferred menu choice. On the other hand, the restaurant orders a pre-cooked food in the McDonald’s fast food chain. The clients spend more time in the restaurant compared to visiting the nearest McDonald’s fast food chain. This is the very reason why restaurant prices are higher than the McDonald’s fast food chain menu prices. Fifth, another type of fast food chain serves the needs of the pizza market segment. The pizza fast food chain caters to the people who love to devour pizzas. Pizza Hut caters to the pizza cravings of the community. Pizza hut has a promotional campaign called create your own pizza. The creative clients would proudly show off their pizza creations to their fellow pizza friends. The customers choose the toppings cooked on the pizza crust. There are also different sizes of pizza food choices. There are different kinds of pizza. The pizza choices include plain pizza, cheese pizza, Hawaiian pizza, and other pizza types (Ghani 2009). Sixth, another type of fast food chain fills the discriminating needs of the spaghetti market segments. Some clients prefer the tomato taste of spaghetti. Some clients prefer one serving of spaghetti. Other spaghetti lovers would order a large plate of luscious spaghetti. Some say that eating spaghetti translates to wishing to have a longer life on earth. The Spaghetti Warehouse caters to the spaghetti needs of the spaghetti market segment. The fast food chain would sell pre-cooked food. The food would sell to the average income employees. Some entrepreneurs set up a fast food chain in order to fill the food needs of the average income employees. The fast food chain caters to the busy office workers. Most precooked must be sold within a few hours in order to avoid selling spoiled food products to the fast food chain’s valued clients. The fast food business caters to diverse clients. First, some fast food chains cater to the Chinese clients. The clients have their own unique tastes. The Chinese taste precipitates from th e Chinese’s cultural taste. Home country culture is the basis for the unique culture Chinese taste. The Chinese food culture includes diverse colour themes.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Chinese food taste includes the addition of two or three ingredients using different colours to complement the main food ingredient. The Chinese food taste shows aesthetic value. The Chinese love to devour food that has three basic characteristics. The three characteristics are colour, luscious taste, and mouth-watering aroma. In terms of colour, the Chinese food uses bright colours to display the warmth of the fast food chain’s management (McDonald 2007). Second, some fast food chains cater to the Vietnamese market segment. The Vietnamese have another set of taste. The Vietnamese taste includes Gia, alum, ash, clove of garlic, Ammonium Bicarbonate, curry powder, chili powder, caramel, and cayenne. The Vietnamese food clients would prefer to eat Vietnamese cuisine to the unfamiliar African American food choices. The Vietnamese normally dislike eating Indian food choices. Third, other fast food chains supply the needs of the African American clients. The African American f ood clients prefer â€Å"soul† foods. The African Americans brought their food culture with them around the world. The African American food taste includes pork, cornmeal, and vegetables. Other food favourites include grains and corn. The African Americans love to take molasses as part of their food itineraries. Specifically, many African Americans add small amounts of molasses to their tea as sweeteners. The African Americans brought their favourite foods like okra, sesame seeds, rice, and peas to their destination country. The African Americans brought their foods to the new destinations because they are not accustomed to eating the unfamiliar new food choices found in the destination country. Fourth, another group of fast food chains serves the needs of the Mexican clients. The Mexican food is full of colour. The Mexican food includes many spices. The group’s food includes plenty of colourful ingredients. The United Nations classified the typical Mexican food as an intangible cultural heritage. The Mexican food includes corn and beans. The Mexicans call their corn masa. The Mexican food love tortillas, oregano, cinnamon, and cocoa. Rice and corn are favourite Mexican food choices. The Mexican food includes the sweetness of honey, herbs, and spices. Fifth, another group of fast food chains fills the needs of the Muslim clients. The Muslim clients do not eat some food types. Specifically, the banned Muslim food type includes all foods taken from pigs. The Muslim religion requires that the Muslim devotee to avoid eating pig products. The pig products include ham. The Muslim food has to be Halal- approved. The Muslim stores include Masjid. The Halal groceries sell non-pig products. The Muslim restaurants hire Muslim chefs to cook the Halal foods. Some restaurants cater to the Italian food clients. The Italian cuisine is part of the growing social change as well as political revival of their group. The Italian cuisine includes trimmings from Etrusc an, Ancient Roman, Byzantine, and Arab foods. The Italian food metamorphosed as time traversed. The current Italian food includes potatoes, tomatoes, maize, and bell peppers. The Chefs prepare the Italian food taste in simplicity. The food includes an average of six ingredients. The Italian Chefs include wine and cheese as part of the standard Italian food menu. Coffee, especially espresso coffee is a major part of the Italian clients’ food choices. The Italian food includes vegetables, fruits, fish, sausages, pork, and cheese ingredients (Meara 2010). Sixth, some of the fast food restaurants cater to the French clients. French fast food chain clients prefer haute cuisine. Fish is one of the favourite French food choices. Champagne, Alsace, and Lorraine are favourite French food choices. In addition, the other French food favourites include Burgundy wine and river crabs, snails, beef, blackcurrants, cake, and poultry (Drescher 2007). Seventh, some of the fast food chains serv e the food needs of Koreans. Korean food focuses on the four seasons. Each season has its own set of food preferences. The ocean offers the most food ingredients. The Koreans use devotion and love in the preparation of their cultural food. The Koreans cook the food to help invigorate the customers. The Korean restaurant sells healthy foods to its discriminating fast food chain clients. The success of the Korean food choices is the inclusion of the Korean food preparer’s devotion for the safety and health of the food clients. In addition, the Korean meals include tea and a traditional cake. Sometimes, the Korean restaurants offer fruits to delete the taste of eaten food. The fruits are influential in leaving the Korean fast food chain’s clients with a fresh and invigorating feeling (Drescher 2007). In terms of selling the fast food chain products, the transition includes implementing a strong marketing plan. First, the fast food chain must sell quality products. The cus tomer would prefer higher-priced products to lower-priced products if the product quality of the higher-priced product were far better than the quality of the low priced fast food chain products. The clients would constantly return products that easily break when bought. Some clients will sue the company for selling them low quality products and services. Some clients would advertise the fraudulent practices of companies selling low quality products. Low quality products include selling stale food. Low quality includes foul-tasting food. Low quality includes using lesser ingredients in the preparation of food products. The company must avoid selling products that incorporate low quality raw materials. The company should not hire workers who are not able to produce high quality products (Etzel 2001). Second, the fast food chain must sell the products are reasonable prices. The fast food chain must sell the foods at prices that most current and future customers can afford. The custome rs normally prefer the lowest priced products. This is true in the fast food chain business. The customers would compare the food prices of the different fast food chain competitors. The customer would highly prefer to enter the lower priced stores. Economics offers the reason for the current and future customers’ price preferences. As the prices of goods increase, the demand for the products will correspondingly decrease. Thus, the current and future customers prefer the lower priced hamburgers to the higher priced hamburgers if the product quality is similar. However, some clients prefer quality to price. Some rich clients prefer the costlier food products in exchange for the privacy of the food place, some clients prefer to eat at restaurants. The reason is that the current and future customers of the high price restaurants prefer the serenity and comfort of the restaurant chairs and tables (Hartline 2011). Third, the fast food chain must sell the products near the reachab le arms of the current and future customers. The fast food chain must set up different branches in strategic locations. The company should not set up a fast food chain in the middle of the lonely dessert; no one is around to enter the fast food chain and order its food products. The company must set up a branch in departments stores where a large volume of shoppers frequent. The company should set up a branch in the busy city street corner. The busy street corner brings many current and future customers to the fast food chain’s doors. The fast food chain can set up a store on board cruise ships. The cruise ships have cruise clients who need fast food chain products to quench their thirst and fill their hungry stomachs (Goodbody 2008). Fourth, the fast food chain must promote its fast food chain products. The promotion includes advertising the various food product choices and services in the newspaper media. Promotion includes announcing the benefits of buying the fast food ch ain products through the television media. The company can advertise the benefits of buying the fast food products using the radio program media. Lastly, the fast food chain can create a strong demand for the fast food chain products through the internet. The internet continues to compete with the normal advertising media. The three advertising media are through the radio, television, and newspaper advertising spots (Goodbody 2008). To proceed with the fast food chain business, one must get financing. First, one can borrow money. The fast food chain entrepreneur can borrow money from the bank. In turn, the bank earns interest from lending the money to the fast food chain entrepreneur. The entrepreneur or businessperson can borrow money from moneyed friends. The entrepreneur or businessperson can easily borrow funds from close associates, or relatives. Relatives can easily trust a relative who borrows money over a complete stranger who borrows money. In the same light, close associat es do not need excessive persuasion. The close associates are familiar with the borrower’s financial capacity and other relevant information. The lender can choose a friend or close associate over a complete strange in terms of loans. There is lesser resistance when close associates and friends borrow money (Freyman 2006). The entrepreneur or businessperson can invest funds in the fast food chain business. Some entrepreneur or businessperson has many cash. They have more than enough funds to set up their own fast food chain business. In addition, the entrepreneur or businessperson can set a partnership. In the partnership, two or more persons contribute money, property, or industry to the partnership with the sole aim of distributing the company’s profits among themselves. Normally, one or more of the partners will contribute their industry to manage the fast food chain business. In other occasions, some partners prefer to remain silent partners. Silent partners do not manage or make decisions in the fast food chain business (Montana 2008). On the other hand, the entrepreneur or businessperson can set up a corporation. Under the corporation, five or more persons can contribute money to set up the fast food chain business. The investors own shares stocks of the fast food chain business. The investors contribute money, property, and industry to the fast food chain corporation. Consequently, the investors will divide the net profits among themselves (Hartline 2011). The understanding the theories and research will aid the entrepreneur or businessperson manage the transition or changes. Marketing books will explain the intricacies of the marketing process. The marketing books will explain that the fast food chain business must prioritize filling the needs of the discriminating clients. The marketing books will explain the importance of creating products that will outshine or outsell the competitors’ fast food chain products and services. The m arketing books will explain to the entrepreneur or businessperson how to choose the best location to set up the next fast food chain branch. The marketing books discuss how to divide the community into targetable market segments. The marketing books will discuss how to use the supply chain process to ensure the early delivery of the fast food chain products to its branches in other cities and locations (Hartline 2011). The management books will explain the proper management concepts. The entrepreneur or businessperson will learn that managing a fast food chain restaurant entails implementing a strategic plan. The fast food chain manager must gear the stores to wards generating and increasing fast food chain revenues. The management books entails explaining how the fast food chain managers can organize the scarce human and raw material resources to achieve the fast food chain’s goals and objectives. The management books explain how the fast food chain managers must control all expenses and costs in order to generate a net profit. The management books will explain how to choose the best fast food chain crew or workers. The management books will also discuss the importance of coordinating with all employees and interested parties in order to achieve organizational goals and quotas (Khan 2006). The accounting books will display the proper way of recording daily fast (Ehrhardt 2011). food chain business transactions. The accounting books will discuss how to designate cash payments as assets. The same accounting books explain the meaning of liabilities encountered in the fast food chain business. The accounting books include a discussion on how to use the income statement to generate the monthly revenues. The accounting books explain the importance of recording all sales in the proper accounting period (Khan 2006). The human resource books will help the fast food chain management hire the best workers. The human resource references will teach the fast food ch ain management to obey the labour laws institute. The same human resource references focus on giving seminar to improve the customer- based work attitudes of the fast food chain employees. The fast food chain must comply with human resources laws. The environment references focus on compliance with environmental laws. The environment books state that the fast food chain must not throw the fast food chain garbage on the crystal-clear waters of the nearby stream. The environment books inform the fast food chain to ensure the kitchen does not generate polluting substances. The environment books ensure that the fast food chain management complies with all other environmental laws of the United Kingdom (Raven 2009). The economics books explain the importance of economic concepts in all the fast food chain business operations. The economic principles discuss the effects of inflation on the fast food chain’s revenues. The economic principles explain the effect of unemployment on the fast food chain sales. The same economic principles explain the effect of the current economic depression on the fast food chain revenues and profits. T he economics reference explains the importance of pricing on the fast food chain’s customer demand prediction. The same economics references explain the effect of monopoly of the prices of the fast food chain’s ingredient and other supply suppliers (Baumol 2011). Based on the above discussion, the individual must accept a career transition within the next ten years. The career transition in the next ten years greatly affects the individual. The theories and concepts are important tools needed to manage the changes within the next ten years excellently. Indeed, the individual is likely to face the fast food transition in the next ten years. References: Baumol, W. (2011). Economics. London, Cengage Press.s Etzel, M. Marketing. (2001). London, Wiley Sons. Freyman, S. (2006). Fast Food. London, Levine Press. Ghani, K. (2 009). Integration of Supply Chain Management. London, GBMR Press. Gilbert, S. (2010). The Story of McDonald’s. London, Wiley Sons. Goodbody, S. (2008). Fast Food: Slowing Us All Down. London, Crabtree Press. Hartline, M. (2011). Marketing Strategy. London, Western Press. Khan, M. (2006).Management Accounting. London, McGraw-Hill Press. McDonald, M. (2007). Marketing Plans. London, Wiley Sons Press. Meara, M. (2010). Italian Food. London, Hardie Press, Montana, P. (2008). Management. London, Barron’s Press. Raven, P. (2009). Environment. London, Wiley Sons Press. Torrington, D. (2008). Human Resource Management. London, Prentice Hall. Watson, J. (2005). The Cultural Politics of Food. London, Wiley Press. Watson, S. (2008). Fast Food. London, Rosen Press This essay on What Career Transitions Are You Likely to Face in The Next Ten Years? was written and submitted by user T0adMen to help you with your own studies. 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Image Processing and Enhancement Essay Example

Image Processing and Enhancement Essay Example Image Processing and Enhancement Essay Image Processing and Enhancement Essay Remote sensing (RS), also called earth observation, refers to obtaining information about objects or areas at the Earth? s surface without being in direct contact with the object or area. Humans accomplish this task with aid of eyes or by the sense of smell or hearing; so, remote sensing is day-today business for people.Remote sensing can be broadly defined as the collection and interpretation of information about an object, area, or event without being in physical contact with the object. Remote-sensing data play a growing role in studies of natural and semi natural environments, a role that stretches from a visual interpretation to sophisticated extraction of information by advanced image analysis and statistical algorithms. In their raw form, as received from imaging sensors mounted on satellite platforms, remotelysensed data generally contain flaws or deficiencies with respect to a particular application.To extract basic information from remotely-sensed data the flaws or deficiencies must remove or corrected. In this paper I will try to describes some important general means of image correction because it is difficult to decide what should be included under the heading of image correction, since the definition of what is, or is not, a deficiency in the data depends to a considerable extent on the use to which those data are to be put. So I will discuss the title like image Preprocessing, Digital image, image enhancement and other important titles related to Image correction and better image interpretation means.The other idea raised and discussed in this paper is the relationship between vegetation index and vegetation degradation by using remotely sensed data. 2. Function of image preprocessing and its importance for image Analysis The function of an image preprocessing is a means to applying some methods in order to correct image deficiencies and removal of flaws before using the images for other purposes. Mather and Koch (2011) stated that In their raw form, as received from imaging sensors mounted on satellite platforms, remotelys 1 a) before haze removal b) After haze removal 2 Figure 3 Haze Reduction 5 B) Sun angle correction According to Bakker and et al. (2011) stated that The position of the sun relative to the earth changes depending on time of the day and the day of the year. As a result, the image data of different seasons are acquired under different solar illumination. An absolute correction involves dividing the DN-values in the image data by the sine of the solar elevation angle. Landsat 7 ETM+ color infrared composites acquired with different sun angle. (A) The left image was acquired with a sun elevation of 37Â ° and right image. B) With a sun elevation of 42Â °. The difference in reflectance is clearly shown. (C) (B) The left image was corrected to meet the right image. Figure 4 Sun angle Correction 2. 2. Geometric Correction Geometric distortion is an error on image which occurred by one of the two possibilities either internally on the geometry of the sensor or externally the altitude of the sensor or the shape of the object. Supporting to this idea Kuznetsov and et al. (2012) describe that geometric distortion is an error on image, between the actual image coordinates and the ideal image coordinates.Geometric distortion is classified in to internal distortion resultin g from the geometry of the sensor and external distortion resulting from the altitude of the sensor or the shape of the object. 6 To correct such geometric distortion on the image we should use different geometric correction methods. Murayam and Dassanayake (2010) stated that geometric corrections include correcting for geometric distortions due to sensor-Earth geometry variations, and conversion of the data to real world coordinates (e. g. latitude and longitude) on the Earths surface.Conversion of the data to real world coordinates are carried by analyzing well distributed Ground Control Points (GCPs). This is done in two steps Geo-referencing: This involves the calculation of the appropriate transformation from image to terrain coordinates. Landsat 30m ETM+ Image Quickbird . 7m Natural Color Image Ground control points are identified between the two images in recognizable locations. These points should be static relative to temporal change. In this case road intersections are the best source of GCP’s. Features that move through time (i. e. horelines, etc. ) should be avoided if possible. Figure 5 Georeferencing Geocoding: This step involves resembling the image to obtain a new image in which all pixels are correctly positioned within the terrain coordinate system. Resampling is used to determine the digital values to place in the new pixel locations of the corrected output image. Figure 6 Geo coding 7 There are different techniques of resampling methods according Murayam and Dassanayake (2010) there is three techniques of resampling: 1. Nearest Neighborhood 2. Bi-linear interpolation 3. Cubic Convolution 1.Nearest Neighborhood According to Rees (2011) the nearest neighbor approach uses the value of the closest input pixel for the output pixel value. To determine the nearest neighbor, the algorithm uses the inverse of the transformation matrix to calculate the image file coordinates of the desired geographic coordinate. The pixel value occupying the c losest image file coordinate to the estimated coordinate will be used for the output pixel value in the geo-referenced image. This means that the nearest pixel value has more influence than apart pixel. Figure7.Nearest Neighborhood ADVANTAGES: Output values are the original input values. Other methods of resampling tend to average surrounding values. This may be an important consideration when discriminating between vegetation types or locating boundaries. Since original data are retained, this method is recommended before classification. Easy to compute and therefore fastest to use. DISADVANTAGES: Produces a choppy, stair-stepped effect. The image has a rough appearance relative to the original un-rectified data. Data values may be lost, while other values may be duplicated.Figure 1 shows an input file (orange) with a yellow output file superimposed. Input values closest to the center of each output cell are sent to the output file to the right. Notice that values 13 and 22 ar e lost while values 14 and 24 are duplicated. 8 2. Bi-linear interpolation The bilinear interpolation approach uses the weighted average of the nearest four pixels to the output pixel. Figure8. Bi-linear interpolation ADVANTAGES: Stair-step effect caused by the nearest neighbor approach is reduced. Image looks smooth. DISADVANTAGES: Alters original data and reduces contrast by averaging neighboring values together. Is computationally more expensive than nearest neighbor. 3. Cubic Convolution The cubic convolution approach uses the weighted average of the nearest sixteen pixels to the output pixel. The output is similar to bilinear interpolation, but the smoothing effect caused by the averaging of surrounding input pixel values is more dramatic. Figure9. Cubic Convolution ADVANTAGES: Stair-step effect caused by the nearest neighbor approach is reduced. Image looks smooth. DISADVANTAGES: Alters original data and reduces contrast by averaging neighboring values together. Is computa tionally more expensive than nearest neighbor or bilinear interpolation. In general image preprocessing is very essential step for better image analysis and interpretation because it corrects different types of image distortion. 9 Similar to this idea Murayam and Dassanayake (2010) stated that preprocessing includes data operation which normally precedes further manipulation and analysis of the image data to extract specific information. These operations aim to correct distorted or degraded image data to create a more faithful representation of the original scene. . Digital Image Formats and Its Arrangement According to Visual Resource Centre School of Humanities (2011) Digital images are electronic representations of images that are stored on a computer. The most important thing to understand about digital images is that you can? t see them and they don? t have any physical size until they are displayed on a screen or printed on paper. Until that point, they are just a collection o f numbers on the computer? s hard drive that describe the individual elements of a picture and how they are arranged.These elements are called pixel and they are arranged in a grid format with each pixel containing information about its color or intensity. Most of the time Band interleaved by line (BIL), band interleaved by pixel (BIP), and band sequential (BSQ) take as image digital format but this is not true rather they are schemes for storing the actual pixel values of an image in a file. Figure 10 Digital Data Format 10 According to ESRI resource center there are three common image digital formats these are Band interleaved by line (BIL), band interleaved by pixel BIP), and band sequential (BSQ) are three common methods of organizing image data for multiband images. BIL, BIP, and BSQ are not in themselves image formats but are schemes for storing the actual pixel values of an image in a file. While Visual Resource Centre School of Humanities (2010) there are four main file form ats for images: TIFF, JPEG, PNG and GIF. TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) Description: TIFF images are usually used for master image files. They contain image information in a lossless format (i. e. no image information is lost when images are saved) and so tend to be fairly large in size.They are therefore a good format for archiving images, but the large file size makes it an unsuitable format for use in web delivery or in presentation software, such as PowerPoint. Good for: master copies of images as all image information is retained when files are saved (lossless format). But: file sizes tend to be large due to lossless format, so TIFF files are not suitable for web delivery or inclusion in PowerPoint presentations. JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) Description: This is the main format that is used for photographic-type images on the web.It is a „lossy? format: images are compressed when saved and so image information is lost each time the image is edited and saved. T he benefit of compression is a reduction in file size, but the down side is that if too much compression is applied, visible artefacts such as highlighting around areas of high contrast may occur. The following images show the effects on quality and file size of differing levels of compression on the same JPEG image notice the blurring around the edges of the statue in the final image.Good for: web delivery of photographic images due to ability to compress images without too much loss of quality, therefore giving smaller file sizes than TIFF formats. But: too much compression can lead to a loss of quality so care needs to be taken with the quality setting used when saving images. GIF (Graphical Interchange Format) 11 Description: Another format encountered on the Internet, the GIF format is usually used for icons or graphics that contain a limited range of flat colors. It is a lossless format (no information is lost when saving), but as limited color capabilities and so is not suit able for displaying photographs. Good for: web delivery of icons and graphics due to small file size and lossless format. But: supports limited range of colors, so is only suitable for certain types of images. PNG (Portable network graphics) Description: PNG is a relatively new web graphics format, designed primarily to replace the GIF format for use on the Internet, and potentially rival TIFF in the long term as an archival format due to its better compression performance.Its main advantages over GIF are an improved lossless compression method and support for „true color. Although software support for the PNG format has been slow in developing, this is now beginning to change and it may become a more common format in the future. Good for: web delivery due to lossless compression technique resulting in files of small size but high quality. But: JPEG format gives better results for photographic images, and older web browsers and programs may not support the PNG format. 4. Purpo se of image enhancement and Method of Image Enhancement 4. 1.Purpose of Image Enhancement The purpose of image enhancement is forming good contrast to visualize images in a better way in order to understand or extract the intended information from the image. Similarly Vij and singh (2008) discussed Image enhancement is a mean as the improvement of an image appearance by increasing dominance of some features or by decreasing ambiguity between different regions of the image. Image enhancement processes consist of a collection of techniques that seek to improve the visual appearance of an image or to convert the image to a form better suited for analysis by a human or machine.The other writers Shankar Ray (2011) also describe, Image enhancement is the modification of image, by changing the pixel brightness values, to improve its visual impact. Image enhancement techniques are performed by deriving the new brightness value for a pixel either from its existing value or from the brightnes s values of a set of surrounding pixels. 12 4. 2. Method of Image Enhancement According to Department of US Army (2003) method of image enhancement classified in to four these are 1) Contrast enhancement 2) band ratio 3) spatial filtering and 4) principle components.The type of enhancement performed will depend on the appearance of the original scene and the goal of the interpretation. This indicate that performing all methods of enhancement for one image may not be necessary and selection of methods are vary depending on for what purpose the image is prepared or what type of information is extracted from the image. 1) Contrast enhancement-such types of enhancement mostly occur to increase the brightness of the image by changing the DN Values of the image. According to Al-amri (2011) one of the most important quality factors in satellite images comes from its contrast.Contrast enhancement is frequently referred to as one of the most important issues in image processing. Contrast str etching is an enhancement method performed on an image for locally adjusting each picture element value to improve the visualization of structures in both darkest and lightest portions of the image at the same time. Of course there are different techniques of image contrast enhancement like Liner contrast, histogram equalization, histogram stretch and the like but the mean idea is discussed on above even though there is slight difference performing each techniques.Before contrast enhancement Figure 11 Contrast Enhancement 13 After contrast enhancement 2) Band ratio-using contrast techniques help to enhance the images with related to brightness problems but this technique cannot solve problems like shadowiness and the like such image enhancement is takes place by using band ratio techniques. According to Department of US Army (2003) stated that Band ratio is commonly used band arithmetic method in which one spectral band is proportional with another spectral band.This simple method r educes the effect of shadowing caused by topography, highlights particular image elements, and accentuates temporal differences. 3) Spatial filtering –this types of enhancement is very important to avoid over exaggerated details for specific place in the image. Murayam and Dassanayake (2010) describe spatial filtering as spatial filter is designed to emphasize larger, homogeneous areas of similar tone and reduce the smaller detail in an image, this serve to smooth the appearance of an image. Low pass filters are very useful for reducing random noise.It is occasionally advantageous to reduce the detail and exaggerated particular features in an image 4) Principal components- According to Department of US Army (2003) the principal component analysis (PCA) is a technique that transform the pixel brightness values. These transformations compress the data by drawing out maximum covariance and remove correlated elements. The other writer Rees (2001) also stated that the principal co mponents of a multiband image are the set of linear combination of the bands that are both independent of and also uncorrelated with, one another. . Purpose of image Transformation and Method of Image Transformation 5. 1. Purpose of image Transformation Image transformation is a means to re-express an image in a different manner which means it gives a chance to Cooke in good way. According to UNEP (2005) The Term: Transform means arithmetic operator It is all arithmetic operations that allow the generation of a new composite image from 1 or 2 or more bands of a multi-spectral, multi-temporal, multi-frequencies (wavelengths), multi-polarization, multi-incidence angle images.The resulting image may have properties which makes it suitable to particular purpose than the original. 14 1) New Information extraction from the exited data like Change detection, vegetation info, geological info 2. Data dimensionality reduction storage efficiency processing efficiency reduce the # of bands and reduce time 3. Produce more physically relevant spectral feature space Similarly Mather and Koch (2011) discussed an image transform is an operation that reexpresses in a different, and possibly more meaningful, form all or part of the information content of a multispectral or grey scale image.From the above idea we can understand that by applying image transformation with different transformation techniques we can extract new information with best visualization and minimum storage. 5. 2. Method of Image Transformation Different writers classified method of image transformation differently because of their purpose study for this paper I choose UNEP (2005) Method of image transformation. According to UNEP(2005) Method Image transformation can be classified into 6 these are 1. Simple Arithmetic Operations 2. Empirically-Based Image Transformation 3.Principal Component Analysis 4. Multiple Discriminant Analysis 5. Hue, Saturation and Intensity (HIS) 6. Fourier Transformation 1. Simple Arithmetic Operations Applying one of arithmetic operation among Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division to perform simple transformation. They performed on 2 or more co-registered images of the same geographical area. The images could be separate spectral bands from single MSS or TM data set or they may be individual band s from data sets that have been imaged at different dates. 1. Image Addition If multiple images of a given region are available for approximately the same date and if part of one of the images has some noise (spectral problem, haze, fog, cloud), then that part can be compensated from the other images available. 15 1. 2 Image Subtraction: To assess the degree of change in an area, two dates of coo-registered images can be used with subtraction operation. October 1988 Figure 12. Change Detection 1. 3 Image Multiplication: May 1992 If the analyst is interested in a part of an image, then extracting that area can be done by multiplying the area by 1 and t he rest by 0.This applied only when the boundary of the area of interest is irregular. 1. 4 Image Division: Image Ratio: Dividing the pixels in one image by the corresponding pixels in a second image. Most commonly used transformation. It is very important transformation techniques because ? ? Certain aspect of the shape of spectral reflectance curves of the different earth surface cover types can be brought out by ratio. Undesirable effects on the recorded images such as the effect of variable illumination resulting from variation in topography can be reduced by ratio. . Empirically-Based Image Transformation Experience with Landsat MSS data for agriculture areas and with the difficulties encountered in the use of ratio transformed and Principal Component, led to the development of Image Transformation that was based on the OBSERVATIONS: 16 2. 1 Perpendicular Vegetation Index PVI A plot of reflectance measured in the visible red band against reflectance in the Near IR for a partly vegetated area will results in a plot like and use soil line for calculating vegetation distance from the line two-dimension space. . 2 Tasseled Cap Transformation PVI considers spectral variation in two of the 4 Landsat MSS bands and use distance from a soil line in the two-dimension space defined by these two MSS bands a a measure of biomass of green leaf area. 3. Principal Component Analysis PCA Adjacent bands in Multi-spectral Scanner remotely sensed data (images) are generally correlated. Multi-band visible/NIR images of vegetated areas show negative correlation between NIR and visible red bands, and positive correlation among the visible bands Green and Red.This is because of the spectral characteristics of vegetation are such that as vigor or greenness of the vegetation increase the red reflectance diminishes and NIR increases. The presence of correlation among the bands of the optical reflected MSS images implies that there is REDUNDENCY in the data. This means that some inf ormation is being repeated. It is the repetition of the information between bands that is reflected in the correlation. Principal component analysis helps to remove such redundancy through compress the data by drawing out maximum covariance and remove correlated elements. 4.Multiple Discriminant Analysis Image transformation using linear function called discriminant function. It represents the coordinate axes in the dimensional space that defined by the spectral bands which making up the data. As in PCA the relationship between the spectral bands and the discriminant functions axis derived and the coordinates of the individual pixel vector computed in terms of discriminant function. A simple example: if you have two groups of land with special reflectance that can be discriminated on the basis of the measurement in the dimensional space or in the coordinate axis.Some scientist thinks that this transformation made for special assignment. But despite of that it is found very useful it those special cases where you cannot find solution for them unless using this transformation. 5. Hue, Saturation and Intensity (HIS) Hue: angular variable of the direction of colors Saturation: lightness of the color (toward white) 0-255 scale the amount of white in the color Intensity: color strength 17 I = R+G+B H= (G – B)/I 3B S= (I – 3B)/ I 6. Fourier Transformation All five transformations discussed, they were using multidimensional space (multi-band) of remotely sensed data.Fourier Transformation using single band. The main idea of this transformation is that it uses the gray scale value, which forming a single image or single band, can be viewed as 3-D surface. The raw and column (X,Y) or spatial coordinates defining two axis (X,Y) and the gray scale 0255 value at each pixel giving the 3rd dimension. Therefore, the resulting image or product will show the frequency of certain feature all around the image. So it is a kind of histogram of the image in 3-D. 6. Ve getation index and relation with vegetation degradation 6. What is Vegetation Index? According to Jackson and huete (1991) Vegetation index is calculating of spectral band of data by combining two or more spectral bands of data. Vegetation indices are formed from combinations of several spectral values that are mathematically recombined in such a way as to yield a single value indicating the amount or vigor of vegetation within a pixel . Campbell, (1996) cited in Freitas and et. al (2005). 6. 2 Vegetation index and degradation –the best method of vegetation index is NDVI which is a normalized vegetation index .It a good means to assess the amount of greenness an area in th inverse NDVI indicates the level of degradation of an area. For example Take Bahirdar image in 1990 winter season and calculate the NDVI value and get a result of 0. 7 and after 10 years in2000 take another image of the same season and calculate the NDVI value and get a result of 0. 2. These indicates that in 1990 Bahirdar was covered by green vegetation while the 2000 image show that most of the areas covered by vegetation is degraded and covered by rocks.If the NDVI value approaches to1 the area has good vegetation cover, if the NDVI value approaches to 0 the area has less vegetation which means the area is covered by rocks and if the NDVI value is negative the area has no vegetation rather the area is covered by snow. 18 7 Digital image classification 7. 1 What is Digital Image

Case study finance Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Finance - Case Study Example The firm provides equipment for performance inclusive of sport balls, socks, timepieces, bats, eyewear, golf clubs, protective equipment among others. Currently, the company is at its declining phase given that in spite of achieving global recognition, their sales are declining, the market share is declining and the profits are not growing. Moreover the share price of the company’s stocks is going down the drain and there are concerns over its investment in mutual fund where the rating of the company is slowly being lowered. In July 2005 a portfolio manager of the company noted that a mutual fund management company was concerned over the write-ups of the groups. As a result the security prices of the firm continued to decline considerably. The company was also noted to be investing much in shares of fortune 500 firms which emphasis on value investment. Whilst the stocks were declining, the North Point Large-cap Fund was doing well as noted from its return of 20.7% while the rating by Standard and Poor went down 10.1%. There were also concerns over the profits remaining constant at US$ 9 billion while the market share in athletic shoes went down to 42% in 2000 from 48% in 1997. Revenue was also adversely affected by the negative impact of the dollar currency. To boost the revenues and growth of the company has to deal with top notch operating performance and establish strategies to boost the sale of athletic shoes in the mid-priced market segment which a segment the company has neglected in the recent times. The company has to also extend its efforts to clothing line business where the under the latest management the firm has performed well. Moreover, on the cost side of the company the company has plans to increase its efforts on control of expenses. The meeting of top executives stressed the importance of having a target of long term increase in revenues of 10% and a 15% growth in earnings. Moreover

Marketing Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Marketing Plan - Essay Example has more distinctive products than McDonalds; it has fewer items on the menu, as it focuses more on individual products. It should be highlighted that McDonalds also use traditional print, electronic and radio media followed by internet and new media for publicity and promotion. The company also initiated a promotional campaign named â€Å"I’m Lovin’ it†, sponsored Olympic athletes, host charitable events, Social media etc. to entice maximum customers towards its stores. KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) is an American international food seller that has established more than 15,000 KFC outlets across 109 countries and territories around the world. Indeed, the business serves an estimated 12 million customers each day at its stores. The business is an important competitor of Carl’s Jr. because it offers various similar products. The company has an advertising budget of over $1 billion and sales revenue of $11 billion in 2009 that shows its financial strength and brand acceptance among fast food lovers. In addition, KFC also utilizes all traditional and social media channels. KFC focuses on Product and Market Development through induction of new recipes and food products (such as fiery wings) in its portfolio. Indeed, it launched promotional campaigns including free vouchers, Family Feast Combo, free gifts, KFC buckets, KFC cricket promotion etc. to tempt customers towards its stores. (KFC.com) Hungry Jack is a subsidiary of Burger King Incorporation and it is operational in Australia since 1971. The company has strong brand recognition and establishment in Australia with over 300 stores in 2010. The franchise is unique in a way that it offers a complete range of breakfast, hamburgers, chicken meals, desserts, drinks, sides / salad and kids’ meals to its valued customers. Indeed, the company advertises heavily on electronic media to lure food freaks. Indeed, Hungry Jacks advertises heavily on electronic media for sales promotion campaigns. In addition, the

Strategic HR Mgmt - Article Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic HR Mgmt - Article Summary - Essay Example Thus to harness this possible collapse of one’s organization, HR specialists have advised against the use of conventional strategies. Instead they have recommended a number of avant-garde approaches, namely, open communication systems, flexibility, new compensation packages and ‘more interesting work, for the older workers. Consequently, in order to maintain and attract the ‘best’ employers would be wise to utilize these recommendations of the HR specialists and change their modus operandi. Hence, organizations may turn their entire company around by ensuring that there is always an open door for these aging workers to relate to their managers. The managers therefore must keep abreast of the requirements of these workers by having continual discussions with them. Another HR strategy is the necessity of flexibility in this modern work environment. Flexibility in terms of duration of work, allotted time/days for work, place of work, compensation packages and the like are extremely important in the life of the aging worker. As a result managers must take these factors into account when developing their HR plans. ‘Phased retirement’ which refers to a gradual process rather than an abrupt end of employment is a new concept that will begin to play a major role in the HR life of an organization. A third strategy is that of empowering the ‘baby boomers’ in the workplace. Employees feel empowered when they have a sense of autonomy in their job function. Further, these employees are motivated to remain with the company that demonstrates the importance of the workers’ role to the overall functioning of the organization. What is more, aging workers want a chance to ‘learn new things.’ Thus, an organization can incorporate training in their daily program to accommodate the needs of their workers. Finally, a high

American Imperialism Essay -- essays research papers

Since its inception, America as a nation has developed and progressed according to trends of change that collectively define an era. Like all other eras, the time period of 1875-1925 experienced growth, changes, movements, and new ideals. It is the way that these changes came about that defines this era. Americans started to push for changes in many arenas of life that were previously unchallenged. New experiences and opportunities were also presented to America that caused tributaries in the former American ideal. These pressures for change could not be ignored and thus America continued its maturity in a new and unique manner. The changes in the American sphere of life and the development of greater organization, the largest underlying theme of the time period, facilitated the surgence of new foreign and military policies, urban reform policies, economic reform policies, neo-federalism especially in dealing with business, social reform policies, and the quality of life. The period from 1875-1900 was considered the "Gilded Age". On come the no-name presidents. There is a reason though, why these presidents were no-name presidents. It is because all the power that the presidency gained from Lincoln, was lost during reconstruction. Most things in American life were considered to be things that the government, especially the president, should not touch. The laissez-faire philosophy was in full force. The lack of interference allowed the giants like John D. Rockefellar, Andrew Carnegie, and J. Pierpont Morgan to rise to almost divine status. This is where organization comes to play. Business began to realize that by organizing their power and joining together in bonds such as cartels, later pools, and finally trusts, that they could maximize the exploitation of the growing American population. With this fusion of power and the creation of megacorporations, abuses in the course of industrialization concerning labor and the environment devel oped. This reaction to the weak central government led to the opposition of these abuses. It is a natural pattern that opposition would occur, but the fact that organized opposition began to grow is what separates these resistences from the oppositions of the past. Immigration reaches its peak during the gilded age and shifts from the "old immigratio... ...an frontier for the first time in history, no longer existed. The frontier symbolized the freedom of a place to go when things got boring. The frontier was a safety valve for people to go settle new territories, and to find raw materials. Now with the frontier gone, the idea of taking foreign territories looked like the best way to replace that frontier. Increasingly, the Americans had started to flex their muscle in the affairs around the world. Finally, it became clear that an imperialistic stance for America would be necessary in order to keep up with all the other western powers. In conclusion, many changes in American life especially industrialization forced America to react to the new situations being presented to it. The people developed opinions on certain issues and actively pursued change. This forced America to experience things that it never had in the past. It marked the rise of America as a substantial world power, the removal from isolationism, and the changing of the quality of life. The organized responses of the era, are its stamp on American history, and are responsible for all the changes of the era.

How does the inclusion of the witches in Macbeth heighten the dramatic impact of the play? Essay

Macbeth is a play written by the renowned playwright William Shakespeare in the early 17th century. Originally produced for the King of Denmark, the play explores themes such as ambition and betrayal through the actions of the main protagonist Macbeth. The play’s other significant figures include three witches whose practice of sorcery attracted a lot of controversy towards the play. At the time, their inclusion heightened the dramatic impact on the audience; primarily because of the public’s view of witches. Also referred to as the ‘’weird sisters’’, they form a fundamental element of the play because it is their input that shapes the play into action. During this period of time, the mainstream population of Europe was Christian and superstitious, therefore belief in witchcraft was at its peak and so-called ‘’witches’’ were persecuted. Supposedly, witches (along with Satan) were part of a collective of evil and were blamed for a lot of wrongdoing in society. For instance, political dissidents who opposed the King were thought to be under the influence of black magic. This was because there was commonly held believe that the King had the divine right to rule; thus anyone challenging the King was basically challenging God (which was considered blasphemy and punishable by death). The inclusion of the witches and amount of media coverage they received along with the public’s superstition helped to heighten the dramatic impact of Macbeth on a Shakespearean audience. Today, however, due to the secularisation of society, religious morals are diminishing and witchcraft is seen as nothing more than simple entertainment; this is certainly not how Shakespeare intended it to be. Furthermore, television programmes such as W.I.T.C.H. and books such as the Harry Potter series are depicting witches in a much more positive light. On the other hand, a small number of possible offshoots of witchcraft such as Wicca and Freemasonry are still being practiced despite it being punishable by death in some extremely religious cultures. In this day and age, the general view about witches lessens the dramatic impact significantly because it is seen as a comedy routine therefore Macbeth doesn’t strike fear into the hearts of the audience like its original purpose. In Act 1 Scene 1, as shown in the stage directions; the witches are the first performers when they enter an ‘’open place’’ with ‘’thunder and lightning’’. By being the first performers on stage, they intensify the dramatic impact because the audience focuses their attention towards them. Also, Shakespeare specifically chose the weather in this scene to be threatening, to reflect the negative view of witches at the time and to elevate the dramatic impact by making them see more powerful (witches were associated with the ability to manipulate the weather). The technique of using elements of nature to express mood is known as pathetic fallacy. In this scene, the first impression that the audience are given of the witches is that they are unattractive. For instance, the quotes ‘’your beards’’ and ‘’skinny lips’’ suggests that the witches are ugly and depict them as being unnatural due to having masculine characteristics. Shakespeare has done this to add to the negative interpretation of witches, which in turn heightens the dramatic impact (because the realistic appearance of the witches would frighten the audience). He also uses other characters to highlight the appearance of the witches and therefore raise the dramatic impact on the audience. For instance, Banquo describe the witches as being creatures ‘’ that look not like th’ inhabitants o’ th’ earth’’. He is suggesting that they do not resemble other humans and that they are abnormal; perhaps beings from another world. Shakespeare uses dialogue between the witches to heighten the dramatic impact on the audience. For example, in Act 1 Scene 3, one of the witches says to the others ’‘I’ll drain him dry as hay, sleep shall neither night nor day’’. This line heightens the dramatic impact because it portrays witches as evil because of the reference to torturing someone by depriving him of water. Also the words ‘’hay’’ and ‘’day’’ rhyme, during the Shakespearean era this was related to the spells chanted by witches, therefore the audience would have instantaneously assumed that the lines were malicious; thus increasing the dramatic impact. The lines spoken by the witches also include a rhythm. For example in Act 1 Scene 3, the three witches start their lines with ‘’all hail†¦ all hail†¦ all hail’’, this promotes the idea that the witches have the same thoughts and gives the impression that they are insane because they speak in a different pattern to the other characters. The witches also speak in riddles to scare and confuse the audience, for example, the line ‘’when the battles lost and won’’ may be referring to Macbeth or it could be talking about the struggle for the throne of Scotland. This intensifies the dramatic impact because the audience are left unsure and given the impression that the three witches know something that they don’t. Once again, the witches are depicted as being unnatural because of their ability to prophesise the future. Imagery is used cleverly in many ways by Shakespeare to show the witches in a negative light and add to the dramatic impact. For example, in Act 4 Scene 1, the 1st witch says ‘’round and round the cauldron go, in the poisoned entrails throw’’. This quote emphasizes the popular belief (at the time) that witches chant around their cauldrons which consisted of nauseating ingredients such as rats (creates the image that witches are sick). Also, the witches simultaneously say ‘’double, double toil and trouble, fire burn and cauldron bubble’’, this makes the spell resemble a song more and consequently it increases the dramatic impact. To conclude, the inclusion of the witches in the play undeniably helps to heighten the dramatic impact on a Shakespearean audience. This is mainly because of his successful methods, for example when using pathetic fallacy. Today, however, his masterpiece has not been as popular and effective at creating a negative image of witches because of the enormous change in the public’s view of witches.

Killer Angels by Walter Dean meyers essays

Killer Angels by Walter Dean meyers essays Expecting the unexpected is the perfect phrase that matches the historical but fictional novel, Fallen Angels. Richie Perry , the protagonist, had just joined the army and later fought for several months on 1967 and 1968 in the Vietnam War. When he first joined though, the author, Walter Dean Myers, gave Richie illusions to how war was supposed to be. Richie, like other soldiers in the novel, expected wars to be just like movies and stories. They always showed battles as heroic, glorious, etc. But during that time at war, those illusions were hardly close to the reality of what war was supposed to be. As a result, Richie found himself struggling to come to terms with the horrifying reality of war, which contradicts the myths about the war that he At first, Richie didnt want to let go of his beliefs on war. He believed that the good, smart, and careful soldiers were the ones that always survived while death came to enemies, unskilled soldiers, and just all-around bad people. The longer he stayed fighting in the war was the more he realized how wrong he was. Death, to him, was now unfair and random. One example of how death was unfair and random would be by a man named of Jenkins. Jenkins was young man who went to war only because his father wanted him to. He spent about two days in the war and as a result, he got killed instantly by stepping on a hidden landmine. This death was unfair because it wasnt his decision to go to war and he had no control over his death. It was random also because he had went through a little battle and later died just when he and the rest of the soldiers with him were reentering their camp. Richie also believed that life in the army would be much more simple than complex. He believed that all the soldiers would be heroic, glorious, and the army would have a lot of help and ...

Comparison of Matisses and Legers works essays

Comparison of Matisse's and Leger's works essays Henri Matisse and Fernand Leger were two of the most influential artist of the Twentieth Century. Their styles though very different, came from similar beginnings. Both of these artists took their beginnings and lead them into a whole New World for art. Two examples of their unique styles are Matisses The Young Sailor, 1906 and Legers Women with a Cat, 1921. In The Young Sailor, Matisse brings forth this abstract, intellectual use of color. His characteristic style was formed with use of flat, brilliant color and fluid lines. He uses a simplistic composition, where the subject is placed in the middle of the canvas. He also uses vivid bold color patches to give the work balance and depth. Matisse achieves this sense of space through an intense, luminous orange surrounding and a deep purple and green in the subjects clothing. The intensive orange color pushes the dull purple and green forward, and the orange is sustained to the background. Also through the subjects body positioning we can establish a sense of space because the artist has you looking down upon the subject. In Legers Women with a Cat the shapes and tones gives this painting a different sense of depth and space. In Legers painting you achieve a sense of depth because the figure's body is positioned. We are obviously looking down on the subject, but because of the hard black shapes behind the figure it makes the space shallow. Leger uses very dull tones and colors that make the painting seem flat and give the work a cold mechanic feeling, and with these dull tones you are not able to grab a sense of depth. Leger handles his painting as if he was creating a composition through pattern not focusing too much on realism. His composition is simplistic because he centers his subject in the middle of the canvas, but unlike Matisses painting where the subject seems relaxed in his space, Leger uses hard black lines behind the figure that run across...

ORGANISMS FROM MY CLASSMATES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ORGANISMS FROM MY CLASSMATES - Essay Example In this web Gloeophyllum sepiarium and human beings have the highest trophic level; they are at the top of their food chain. The Alaskan paper birch receives its nutrients through photosynthesis and nutrients from the soil. The Gloeophyllum sepiarium is a fungus that gains its energy through decomposing dead organic matter such as dead wood and leaves that the Alaskan Paper Birch provides but the decomposition if dead matter is returned to the soil and recycles the nutrients produced by the tree through improving the soil. Humans also use the tree for nutrition. The sap from the tree is edible and used in producing wine, beer and health tonics. The Black Bear and the lynx are on the next trophic level in the food web. As mentioned this web is a simple illustration but in this example the bear and lynx will gain their nutrition from the American Jewel Scarab. The bear's diet consists of plants, meat and insects in this case the American Jewel Scarab. The bear will also eat the bark from trees and the edible sap produced by the Alaskan Paper Birch. The web demonstrated here is known as a detrital web it contains plants, omnivores, carnivores and fungi the decomposers. All the organisms rely upon another for their nutrition and energy to maintain the circular food web of the ecosystem. The energy flows from one trophic level to the other. Each trophic level passes on biomass to the next level but pass on much less than they receive (Tscharntke & Hawkins, 2002). The Alaskan Birch in this web is known as a producer as it produces its own energy; food and glucose from photosynthesis producers have the most energy in a food chain, and is the first trophic level. Humans, the Black Bear, the Lynx and Gloeophyllum sepiarium are all on the secondary trophic level. There are no examples of the primary level in this web as there are no herbivores. All organisms in the web are able to be decomposed by Gloeophyllum sepiarium and the nutrients are broken down and returned to the soil that the Alaskan Paper Birch once again recycles to produce its energy. References Tscharntke, T., Hawkins, B., A., (eds) (2002) Multitrophic Level Interactions, Cambridge University Press,

GRADUATE LETTER FOR ADMISSION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

GRADUATE LETTER FOR ADMISSION - Essay Example My interests in pursuing graduate studies had intensified during my practice as a supervisor of Hematology department in Alhada armed forces hospital in Saudi Arabia. I have realized the urgent need and demand for skilled technologists, at my work place and other laboratories in developing regions. I believe, by gaining more knowledge in Hematology and management skills, I would be of greater help in the laboratory medicine field worldwide, Saudi Arabia in particular. Besides updated skills in the early diagnosis of many blood related diseases such as anemia, leukemia etc; better management and leadership skills are very important in developing countries like Saudi Arabia. With the transition of most laboratories to acquire accreditation of the college of American Pathologists (CAP) and other regulatory agencies, the need for professional and comprehensive managerial capabilities in the developing countries are becoming crucial. This has triggered the need for more sophisticated knowledge in the updated laboratory methods, and quality control and quality assurance concepts. At my last job, I was able to adhere to the highest professional Laboratory standards, despite the fact that I was working under different working environment, tradition, and dress code. It was very interesting, challenging and great learning experience. In addition to background skills and knowledge in the medical laboratory science, my balanced personality, and open minded nature, made me successful supervisor. Some of my accomplishments include, constructing and updating hematology department’s procedure manuals, evaluation of new analyzers, organizing and passing successfully the bi annual inspection conducted by of the college of American pathologists (CAP) etc. Through my job, I have greatly improved my analytical ability and pressure management techniques. The process